> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://www.pentest-book.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://www.pentest-book.com/recon/network-scanning.md).

# Network Scanning

> **Skill Level**: Beginner to Intermediate\
> **Prerequisites**: Basic networking, TCP/IP

## IP resolution

```bash
# https://github.com/Josue87/resolveDomains
resolveDomains -d subdomains.txt

# Expected output:
# subdomain1.target.com -> 192.168.1.10
# subdomain2.target.com -> 192.168.1.11
```

## Netdiscover

```bash
netdiscover -i eth0
netdiscover -r 10.11.1.1/24

# Expected output:
# _____________________________________________________________________________
#   IP            At MAC Address     Count     Len  MAC Vendor / Hostname      
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 10.11.1.1       00:50:56:aa:bb:cc      1      60  VMware, Inc.
# 10.11.1.5       00:0c:29:dd:ee:ff      1      60  VMware, Inc.
```

## Nmap

```bash
# Host discovery (ping sweep)
nmap -sn 10.11.1.1/24
nmap -sn 10.11.1.1-253
nmap -sn 10.11.1.*

# Expected output:
# Nmap scan report for 10.11.1.5
# Host is up (0.00052s latency).
# Nmap scan report for 10.11.1.10
# Host is up (0.00031s latency).
# Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (15 hosts up) scanned in 2.43 seconds
```

## NetBios

```bash
nbtscan -r 10.11.1.1/24

# Expected output:
# IP address       NetBIOS Name     Server    User             MAC address      
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 10.11.1.5        WORKSTATION1     <server>  <unknown>        00:0c:29:aa:bb:cc
# 10.11.1.10       DC01             <server>  <unknown>        00:0c:29:dd:ee:ff
```

## Ping Sweep - Bash

```bash
for i in {1..254} ;do (ping -c 1 172.21.10.$i | grep "bytes from" &) ;done

# Expected output:
# 64 bytes from 172.21.10.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.5 ms
# 64 bytes from 172.21.10.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.2 ms
```

## Ping Sweep - Windows

```bash
for /L %i in (1,1,255) do @ping -n 1 -w 200 172.21.10.%i > nul && echo 192.168.1.%i is up.

# Expected output:
# 192.168.1.1 is up.
# 192.168.1.5 is up.
```


---

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